The Voynich Botanical Plants

Folio 47v, Lungwort (Pulmonaria officinalis), a member of the borage family is native to Europe and Western Asia. The scientific name Pulmonaria is derived from Latin “pulmo” for lung. The speckeled, alternate, oval leaves resemble a diseased or ulcerated lung, and this plant was therefore used to treat pulmonary infections. Lungworts are perennial herbs that form clumps as a result of their slowly creeping rhizomes. The blue, funnel-shaped flowers have five (rarely more) shallow lobes.